Introduction
Shoulder arthroscopy is a minimally invasive procedure used to diagnose and treat shoulder injuries. It requires small incisions and is commonly performed for conditions like rotator cuff tears, frozen shoulder, and shoulder impingement.
Conditions Treated with Arthroscopy
- Biceps tendon injuries
- Frozen shoulder
- Labrum tears
- Rotator cuff tears
- Osteoarthritis
- Shoulder impingement
Pre-Surgery Preparations
Your doctor may require pre-operative tests such as:
- X-ray
- Blood tests
- ECG
Risks & Complications
While generally safe, arthroscopy carries some risks, including:
- Blood clots
- Nerve and vessel damage
- Infection
- Excessive bleeding
PT Rehabilitation After Shoulder Arthroscopy
Goals of Rehabilitation
- Use of a sling for 1-2 weeks unless advised otherwise
- Maintaining proper posture during exercises
- Gradual progression to full mobility and strength
- Regular follow-ups with the doctor
- Controlled and supervised exercise to avoid strain
Week 1
Manual Therapy
- Soft tissue mobilization to reduce swelling
- Passive range of motion (ROM) in all planes
Exercises
- Elbow flexion/extension, wrist, and forearm strengthening
- Cervical stretches and scapular stabilization
- Frequent arm movement to prevent swelling
- Cardiovascular exercise without shoulder strain (e.g., stationary bike)
Goals
- Pain and swelling reduction
- Achieve 90° flexion, scaption, and 30° external rotation
Weeks 2-4
Manual Therapy
- Stitch removal on Day 14
- Continued soft tissue mobilization and pain control (ice, massage, electrical stimulation)
Exercises
- Begin isometric exercises
- Gradual active ROM improvement
- Scapular strengthening with theraband
- General conditioning exercises
Goals
- Pain and swelling control
- Passive ROM: Flexion to 120°, external rotation to 60°
- Active ROM: Flexion, scaption, abduction to 90°
Weeks 4-6
Manual Therapy
- Maintain soft tissue, fascial, and joint mobility
Exercises
- Strength training, including weight-bearing and theraband exercises
- Gym exercises for shoulder stability
Goals
- Full passive and active ROM
Weeks 6-8
Manual Therapy
Continue mobility work as needed
Exercises
- Advanced rotator cuff strengthening (wall dribbling, plank step-ups, prone scapular strengthening with weights)
- Introduction of light throwing activities
Weeks 8+
- Sport-specific training (as tolerated)
- Continued strength, endurance, and fitness training
Conclusion
Shoulder arthroscopy is an effective surgical solution for various shoulder conditions, and a well-structured PT rehabilitation plan is essential for recovery. Following a progressive rehab program ensures optimal healing, pain relief, and a return to daily activities or sports. Always follow professional guidance for a safe recovery.
